TIGblogs - Kenneth Ochoa

Consumer society and globalización
Automatically translated into English thanks to WorldLingo
They summarize
the present article must by objective unfold a critical analysis to the present state of the globalización of the markets, in relation to the consumer society. It presents/displays some habits of consumption in selected groups, the analysis of the cultural interchange like part of the globalización, and finally some strategies to maintain a habit of sustainable consumption.

Abstract
The present article there are goal ace to show to critical present analysis of the situation of the market globalization, related to the consumption society. It presents some consumption habits in specific target groups, the cultural analysis of the exchange ace part of the globalization and finally, some strategies to keep sustainable consumption habits.

Key words
responsible Consumption, sustainable consumption, sustainable consumption, globalización, markets, cultural interchange, habits.

Key words
Responsible consumption, sustainable consumption, globalization, markets, cultural exchange, habits.

Introduction
When analyzing the present consumption of the world-wide population, we can understand the imbalance that appears in the society. A series of questions opens this document, so that the reader is in capacity to present/display critical points of view with respect to the perspective of the author: Cambian the habits of consumption in the society when changing the cultural context of the consumer? , Is altered the consumption patterns when the economic circumstances also do it? And finally, Existen strategies to maintain habits of responsible consumption in the people? The presented/displayed work next, is the result of the observation and investigation on the part of the author in different scenes throughout the world.

The society and its habits of consumption
When we spoke of consumption habits, it is fundamental to understand some terms. In order to begin, what is understood by consumption? The simplest aspect to define it is to do use of goods or services. From the economy, the consumption is defined as? the individual use of the produced goods, () and it is possible to be spoken of consumption of services? (MÉNDEZ, 1996). The difference between one and another definition are in means: the money. Nevertheless, from the perspective of the analysis that I present/display in this article, we cannot be limited the money exclusively: we consumed some goods and services that do not have price, until the moment. For example, some years ago, he was inaudito to think that if in a site, restaurant llámese, for example, water was requested, this one would come in bottle and in the end would be reflected in the invoice. On the other hand, at the moment it is being spoken of oxygen bars: places where people attend a? to breathe clean air. He is incredible, but it is enough with entering Internet and looking for this to understand its magnitude.
However, it is important to speak of the habits of consumption in the society. Nevertheless, it would be very general east term like so, since we found consumption patterns heterogenous, defined according to the characteristics of the objective group, for example, according to the spending power. He is then where he would be useful to analyze, in first instance, the habits of individual consumption. A person, in general, can present/display a habit of settled down consumption, according to her social context, cultural and economic mainly. In order to analyze this, a factor evaluation is the amount of generated remainders. To greater spending power, for a context of developing country, and in individual in a city like Bogota, greater amount of remainders is generated. This is what it is known like index of production per capita and this established according to the evaluations developed by the different beings as much public as academic.
Bogota, particular case in this example, is divided in six socioeconomic layers; those of greater spending power, have an index much greater than those of minor spending power. The remainders of first, are characterized mainly by plastics and other reciclables materials, whereas the second group, fundamentally has a high content of organic remainders.

In developed countries it happens something very similar. But, how are related the individual habits of consumption, with the groups? Good, it is precise to understand how first east is related index to the surroundings: the particular community to being analyzed, by means of its spending power, increases its consumption of goods and services, and as well, the sophistication of these, declared in the packing (the plastics, icopor, etc.). As well, in social surroundings of this individual one is influenced, changing some habits of consumption. Let us see a particular case: an individual acquires a plasma television set in Panama, its purchase has a value of USD 1600, which in physical price implies a saving of USD 400. When presenting/displaying it to their friends, they animate themselves to change his and after some type of economic effort (trip, sacrifice of savings or credit entiéndase) they change it. The remainders that will be in their surroundings, demonstrate a change in a consumption habit. However, if this case is absolutely particular, it can be translated to goods or services as the water consumption, energy, foods, etc. and this allows to analyze of detailed way one of the factors of change in the community.

The individual being can be a source to characterize the society. At the moment this term is very ample, but for effects of the analysis, I will define the society like? permanent meeting of people, towns or nations that coexist and are related under common laws? (NORM, s.d.). When the individual meets permanently with similars they generate groups with common characteristics. Now, when we analyzed the consumption, to do it with the individual it can be complex as much methodologic as economically. It is why the market studies, must aim to find the points general that they allow to arrive at the individuals through group. How is obtained this? In order to respond to this question, we must be questioned first in an aspect that extends in the individual like being: what requires the being? And the answer is: to satisfy its necessities. Then, it is where the society enters being fundamental. It is important to find something that? need? the society. It is important to be able to find those things that the being requires to be well. Necessities like food, company, espiritualidad, etc., are manipulated so that the society acquires goods and services that allow him to obtain luxuries. And, how happens this? Let us think a little while about a particular case: the necessity to be dresses. The individual needs to have a dress. If the market is analyzed, are different ranks from price for the trousers. Some with? good will? greater than others, which allows them to receive more. But, how becomes a necessity having more expensive trousers? Simply because this one trousers generate a greater well-being, translated in her form, or which some famous person uses or because their designs are unique. The same it happens with most of products. Which are those added values that we often do not understand, but that we generally are at readiness to pay, as long as we have the resources? The answer is the change of conception in the term luxury. No longer it is a luxury to have a cellular one, is a necessity. No longer it is a luxury to have an electronic mail, is a necessity.

All this has a political and economic foundation. After the economic crises in the United States of America and Europe, a strategy of development arose, expressed by Victor Lebow (DURNING, 1992), who shows the following thing:
Our great productive economy? demand that we make of the consumption our form of life, which we turn the purchases and the use of goods rituals, that we find our satisfaction spiritual, our satisfaction of the ego in the consumption? we needed that the consumed, burned things, replaced and rejected in a cup of permanent acceleration?
S.A. to read this is understood the relation that exists at the moment between the consumer society and the market, including its dynamics, is clear that Lebow fulfilled its assignment and is moment for reevaluar the schemes and habits of consumption on which we counted.

The cultural interchange as it leaves from the globalización
the globalización arises like a process where the world-wide markets are opened to the different socioeconomic groups. To speak of globalización one decade ago, was a relatively new subject, without considering that this one has been developed for more than 1500 years. Examples like the trips of Marco Polo or the Vikingos, that by generations explored unknown earth bringing products or new ideas, allow to understand that the globalización us not this closed exclusively to markets, including also the world of the ideas.

From the decade of 1990, the flow of information generated by the use of Internet, opened the door for new forms of globalización. The use of the electronic mail approached the people with information in real time. Tools that falsified the knowledge interchange, such as the teleconferencings, the videoconferencias and the participation of social networks, extended the vision of the world-wide community front to the cultures. To know, for example, through a video how a group of young people expresses their musical tastes, or how through this same means conferences occur on different subjects, has allowed that the society extends its horizons in the different schemes from participation.

Before, the cultural interchange was developed exclusively by means of the physical displacement of the people. As particular cases as the visits to the borders, or cities concurred in different countries, were the clear example of globalización. To visit these sites required to physically prepare itself, mental and economically. For example, to visit the museum of Louvre it was necessary to have visa for France, tiquetes of airplane, lodging, feeding, taxes of exit, gifts for the family and tiquetes from entrance to the museum, among others. Now, with digitar a direction in an explorer, this type of costs is reduced. Nevertheless, it is not possible to be compared as opposed to to see a work in front seeing some of the photographies, but it is a very good alternative to know different panoramas. It is of this form, which we spoke of cultural globalización, which also fortifies the economic interchange through the virtual purchases and mailboxes, for example.
Also we can speak of environmental or ecological globalización, when the battles of local significance generate impacts global. This has been known like glocalización, term that arises at the end of the decade of 1990, when the globalización phenomena begin an accelerated development. The global heating has taken the spear from this subject, from the film? an uncomfortable truth? of the exvicepresidente of the United States, Al Gore. Actions as the industrial development or the incomplete combustion of the vehicle park generates effect gases conservatory in a so high cup, that the surroundings are not able to assimilate them. But other actions like the disposition of dangerous remainders to the water sources, the commerce and illegal use of fauna and flora, the change nonadapted in the use of the ground, among others, also affect the world-wide panorama. Information like GEO 4 of the Program of the Nations United for Environment - PNUMA, published recently, and the quarter reports of the IPCC, agree in which? the environmental degradation () it affects all the aspects of the human well-being. () The atmosphere provides essential material goods and an economic base for the emprendimiento? (PNUMA, 2008). Of this form, the battles of local significance that do not count on strategies of environmental prevention, affect the immediate surroundings directly and have consequences on other surroundings. A particular case is the one of the Bogota river, which is affected by the unloading of chemistries in Villapinzón, the organic and chemical unloading of the affluents in Bogota and the fertilizer unloading in some zones of the Savannah of Bogota. The affected ones by this are not single the inhabitants of these three points, but also those that live waters down, and in different scale, coastal zones and navies and international.

It is possible to ask to us if our actions contribute positively or negatively to the local or global environmental deterioration and how, the cultural interchange has game in this subject. Nevertheless, we will not go deep at this moment on these subjects, because our objective is simply to analyze the context of the human being front to the consumption.

We can analyze other forms of cultural interchange. When we left our context, the tendencies in the consumption of goods and services, increase. The particular case of an international event can be analyzed from the point of view of the sustainable consumption. Previously it mentioned the implications to go on a trip, we see the most thorough case: an international conference implies the following thing: Aerial and hotel reserves, rent of the work site, services of refrigerio, lunch and suppers, internal transport, stationery store and other several that can be contemplated in more particular cases. However, moving from a city or country to another one, implies to do use of fuels, generating an increase in the production of carbon dioxide. The displacement in airplane is generally used due to the distances or required times. But, analyzing the flow of passengers in the main airports, it is possible to ask to us if the solution would be in flying less. From the clean production, the answer can take different shades, but it will finish for being propositive and making a use of the present resources and a development of alternative proposals efficient that allow to generate negative an impact smaller.

On the other hand, when arriving at the destination airport, different situations, mainly the one arise to arrive at the hotel or place from lodging. For this, a vehicle can be contracted a public transport service, joint vehicle (offered by different hotels), taxi (that in some countries has a high cost), or be rented to a specialized company. In certain cities, the last tendency is the use of helicopters. Which of these options is more appropriate with the atmosphere? , it is a question that nor still in the Councils of Administration of the PNUMA has been gotten to solve.

After to have solved the previous point, the visitor is with the lodging. A reserve in a place has been made generally that allows to tell on comfort and good attention him. 90% of the meetings developed by international organisms look for hotels of 4 or 5 stars, in simple or double accomodation, depending on the type of meeting.

The tendency found after to have had the opportunity to attend some of these meetings, is the one of the increase in the use of resources such as water, by means of prolonged showers more of the common thing, baths in bathtub, if time and changes in lencería and towels have left, which are washed to newspaper; generation of remainders by the packing of the cleanliness articles, which in their majority are in small bottles; electricity, because in each room it is counted at least on five small pumps, in his majority incandescent, television, radio, and in some cases, irons and hair dryer; feeding, since an increase is generated in the demand of food, different from the customary consumption.

All this, without counting on the purchases that are made as souvenirs of the visits. This it is perhaps, the most important point in the subject of the globalización as opposed to the cultural interchange, where the technology and the fashion are the mai